Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS)
MTSS is a framework schools use to make sure every student gets the support they need to succeed. It focuses on the whole school—district, school, and classroom—so students receive strong core instruction in a safe, supportive environment, along with extra help or enrichment when needed.
The system is guided by federal laws such as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (No Child Left Behind, 2001) and IDEA (2004), which emphasize the importance of early support—academically, behaviorally, and socially—before challenges become bigger.
MTSS gives teachers tools to try different strategies, track progress, and provide targeted support. It helps manage behavior, reduce grade retention, and assist students who might be at risk, so all students can thrive in school.
View the Tiered Support and Intervention Examples for Academic, Behavioral, and Social Emotional Support
Tiered Interventions
Tier 1: Core Instruction
All students receive Tier 1 supports in general education. Teaching is inclusive, culturally responsive, and designed so students can learn in different ways and demonstrate their understanding using a variety of materials and strategies.
Tier 2: Targeted Support
Tier 2 provides additional help beyond Tier 1, usually in small groups, focusing on extra practice, skill development, or enrichment.
Tier 3: Intensive Support
Tier 3 offers focused, intensive instruction for students who need it, typically one-on-one or in very small groups. Tier 3 is not the same as special education—students may need Tier 3 supports whether or not they have a disability.
Areas of Support
Academic Support
Learning is designed so all students can access grade-level skills in ways that fit their needs and interests. Teachers use proven strategies across subjects to help students grow and succeed.
Behavioral Support
Positive behavior is taught and reinforced through clear routines and expectations. Students receive consistent guidance and feedback, and staff monitor progress to make sure supports are effective.
Social-Emotional Support
Students learn to manage emotions, make responsible choices, build relationships, and show empathy. These skills are part of everyday school life, helping students succeed both in and out of the classroom.